The use of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) was extensively explored in dynamic optimization problems (DOPs). However, the Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization (EDO) group requires a simple and systematic description of DOPs. In this article, the concept of multi-decision processes explored by the Reinforcement Learning Group (RL) is a general meaning of DOPs. By claiming that all studied DOPs according to our concept of DOPs, we draw the relation between EDO and RL. We remember that current EDO and RL inquiries have concentrated primarily on those kinds of DOPs. A conceptualized benchmark issue is then established that is structured to systematically analyze different DOPs.
Some fascinating experimental experiments on the test show that both EDO and RL methods are experienced in some forms of DOPs and, most significantly, the combination of EDO and RL methods generate new algorithms for DOPs.
Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) have long been used for OPTIMIZATION. Optimization challenges may usually be separated into two groups. One is the case of static optimization (SOPs); the other is the case of dynamic optimization (DOPs). Historically, EDO has suggested a ton of meanings of DOPs.
DOPs were described simply as a series of SOPs over time, with the objective to find a solution that would optimize the health of each SOP. The efficiency of algorithms for such DOPs was therefore calculated over a considered time period by the average efficiency of each SOP. There is also a form of description of DOPs in which DOPs were seen by deciding the solution at each point in time as difficulties in optimizing the incorporation of a dynamic fitness function (DFF). Many researchers have described DOPs as exploiting such a detailed yet more versatile description system than in quantifying how the DFF is evolving, how solutions previously decided influence the dynamics, etc.
Any examples of what DOP might look like are also available. While all of these complexities in optimization concerns must be taken into consideration. DOPs are optimization problems that must be solved as time goes on. The four forms of DOP meanings are in various ways constrained. The first sort does not specifically describe DOPs. Therefore, DOPs considers the adaptation of a method to a new exercise landscape by means of EA problems.
The future scope of DOPs is thus mostly limited, as the solution of DOPs by EA is believed to be unnecessary. The second form sees DOPs as a series of SOPs over time which is supposed to optimally be resolved if and only if all SOPs are optimally resolved. In certain real life situations, this formulation is definitely valid but not in others.
As Bosman suggests, solutions for previous SOPs will affect how potential SOPs appear. Thus the average output in these situations may be wasteful even if an ideal solution for each SOP is established. DOPs are described by the third category as optimizing DFF integration over a period of time.
But how the decision-maker may propose remedies for those DOPs is not straightforward. As regards the Fourth Form, all of which is specific, it is clear that these definitions are not thorough enough and that the same definition may be defined differently, compared with the characteristics of DOPs.
To SOPs, the decision-maker needs to take different decisions over time, and all the decisions taken over the time period examined have to be the cumulative results. SOPs may, on the other hand, be known as one-decision issues. Decisions in DOPs should be noticed over time. Furthermore, actions taken earlier can have an impact on subsequent decision-making in DOPs.
There are many real-world circumstances in which many options are taken over time, and two key definitions of the DOP are defined. Decisions are taken at set frequencies in the first group, which are typically located in controls. For example, a decision maker changes every couple of seconds the control parameters for the Greenhouse Control question, so that device output is maximized over time.
A single judgment is taken through a modification of the control parameters. Additional explanations can also be included in this group. In the other group, actions are reached in an expected way over time. In other terms, a decision must be taken when everything important to the world has been altered and by creating a new decision the decision-maker must respond to the shift. The decision-maker must, for example, delegate new, upcoming jobs electronically in the complex workplace scheduling dilemma. Furthermore, certain roles must be allocated if a computer falls down. In that case, new jobs will be generated or the computers will shut down, and the choice may relate to the preparation of new workers or reprogramming of current jobs.
Inter temporal restrictions associated with these concerns with steps taken within one time. For example, if the spending in the first cycle is higher than, all else is equivalent, so the expenditure requirement in the second period demands that it be lower. These intertemporal limitations intensify these issues in dynamic optimization rather than a straightforward series of issues in one cycle optimization.
Nevertheless, once the dilemma has been sufficiently identified, we will find solutions to these difficulties only by following the principles of restricted optimization. As seen in the first segment of this series, it is reasonably straightforward to apply these approaches to more than two environments.
It is not so easy to apply these methods to continuous problems in dynamic optimization. Mainly the strategies for determining the best time route for variables in a constant time frame are the subject of this review. Dynamic optimization concerns in particular, in which one or more differential equations are used, are taken into account.
A soviet mathematician invented the methodology for the resolution of these problems, the so-called optimal control theory
, during the 1950's. Optional controls allow one not only to define stationary equilibrium but also to determine the optimum time course of a series of variables.
References:
http://econdse.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Dynamic-Optimisation-Klein_Chapter15-.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/dynamic-optimization
https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/24876/1/Dynamic_optimization_problems.pdf
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